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Research
from the Opus team.

Technical papers on workflow generation, intention frameworks, quantitative evaluation, and proof-carrying workflow graphs. Each paper is hosted on arXiv or Zenodo.

doi:10.5281/zenodo.22695674 · ICMAI 2026

Opus: Proof-Carrying Streamed Workflow Graphs

Incremental Workflow Graph construction framed as a constrained graph-extension problem. Proof-carrying streams attach a certificate to every admitted addition, witnessing that at least one acceptable completion remains — and viability residuals give the coarsest exact abstraction of that guarantee.

Phillip Kingston, Théo Fagnoni 27 August 2026
arXiv:2511.04220 · cs.AI

Opus: A Quantitative Framework for Workflow Evaluation

A probabilistic-normative formulation for quantifying Workflow quality and efficiency. It integrates correctness, reliability, and cost into a coherent mathematical model that enables direct comparison, scoring, and optimisation of Workflows — and supports automated assessment, ranking, and Reinforcement Learning loops.

Alan Seroul, Théo Fagnoni, Inès Adnani, Dana O. Mohamed, Phillip Kingston 6 November 2025
arXiv:2507.11288 · cs.AI

Opus: A Prompt Intention Framework for Complex Workflow Generation

An intermediate Intention Capture layer between user queries and Workflow Generation. Extracts Workflow Signals from user queries, interprets them into structured Intention objects, and uses them to drive Workflow Generation — yielding consistent improvements in semantic similarity over a 1,000-pair benchmark.

Théo Fagnoni, Mahsun Altin, Chia En Chung, Phillip Kingston, Alan Tuning, Dana O. Mohamed, Inès Adnani 15 July 2025
arXiv:2502.19532 · cs.AI

Opus: A Workflow Intention Framework for Complex Workflow Generation

A framework for identifying and encoding process objectives in complex business environments. Workflow Intention is the alignment of Input, Process, and Output elements interpreted from Workflow Signal inside Business Artefacts — formalized as a tensor and resolved by an attention-based multimodal generative system.

Phillip Kingston, Théo Fagnoni, Mahsun Altin 25 February 2025
arXiv:2412.00573 · cs.AI

Opus: A Large Work Model for Complex Workflow Generation

The foundational paper on Opus. Introduces a two-phase framework — Workflow Generation via a Large Work Model informed by a Work Knowledge Graph, then Workflow Optimisation via path optimisation on Workflow Graphs. Opus Alpha 1 outperforms state-of-the-art LLMs by 38% / 29% on a Medical Coding use case.

Théo Fagnoni, Bellinda Mesbah, Mahsun Altin, Phillip Kingston 30 November 2024

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